Criticism and the African Union

Criticism and the African Union

Peace and security instruments of the African Union, including its Constitutive Act, relevant charters, protocols, and communiqués, contain an inherent assumption that preventive and response interventions can yield constructive outcomes. If they had anticipated...
When a Distant Strait Becomes Africa’s Problem

When a Distant Strait Becomes Africa’s Problem

The Strait of Hormuz is often treated as a distant geopolitical flashpoint, far removed from everyday realities in African capitals. Yet, disruptions there expose some of the deepest vulnerabilities in African economies. When tensions rise in that narrow waterway, the...